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Text File | 1994-07-16 | 24.1 KB | 595 lines

SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) OOOOmmmmeeeennnn TTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnnoooollllooooggggyyyy IIIINNNNCCCC ((((OOOOMMMMEEEENNNN)))) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE sx, sb, sz - Send Files with ZMODEM, YMODEM, or XMODEM zcommand, zcommandi - Send Commands with ZMODEM SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS sz [-++++aaaabbbbddddeeeeffffkkkkLLLLllllNNNNnnnnooooppppttttuuuuvvvvxxxxyyyyYYYYZZZZ] _f_i_l_e ... sb [-ddddffffkkkkttttuuuuvvvv] _f_i_l_e ... sx [-kkkkttttuuuuvvvv] _f_i_l_e zcommand [-oooottttvvvv] CCCCOOOOMMMMMMMMAAAANNNNDDDD zcommandi [-oooottttvvvv] CCCCOOOOMMMMMMMMAAAANNNNDDDD sz -T LLLLIIIICCCCEEEENNNNSSSSEEEE AAAAGGGGRRRREEEEEEEEMMMMEEEENNNNTTTT This is a copyrighted shareware program. Commercial use of this program is subject to licensing conditions detailed in the rz.c source code. "Commercial Use" includes any use of this program to send files to a commercial or shareware program not published or licensed by Omen Technology INC. Registration information is provided in the file mailer.rz. Use of this program constitutes agreement to the License Agreement. SSSSUUUUPPPPPPPPOOOORRRRTTTT Unregistered users may dial 900-737-7836 (900-737-RTFM) for technical assistance. There is a charge of $4.69 per minute to use this support line. Callers must be 18 years or older. Registered users encountering problems using this program on standard serial ports to transfer files with Professional- YAM or ZCOMM may call the support number listed in the Professional-YAM/ZCOMM documentation. DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN SSSSzzzz (send ZMODEM) uses the ZMODEM, YMODEM or XMODEM error correcting protocol to send one or more files over a dial-in serial port to a variety of programs running under PC-DOS, CP/M, Unix, VMS, and other operating systems. To obtain the maximum performance and full functionality of this program we recommend its use with GSZ, Professional-YAM or ZCOMM. This program is intended to interface with terminal programs, not to act as one. This program is not designed to be called from _c_u(_1) _t_i_p(_1), or other communications programs. Unix flavors of Omen Technology's Professional- YAM communications software are available for dial-out applications. Unix Professional-YAM supports dial-out Page 1 (printed 7/17/94) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) OOOOmmmmeeeennnn TTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnnoooollllooooggggyyyy IIIINNNNCCCC ((((OOOOMMMMEEEENNNN)))) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) applications with telephone directory, a powerful script language with learn function, high quality multiple protocol support, and UUCP port arbitration. SSSSzzzz sends one or more files with ZMODEM protocol. ZMODEM greatly simplifies file transfers compared to XMODEM. In addition to a friendly user interface, ZMODEM provides Personal Computer and other users an efficient, accurate, and robust file transfer method. ZMODEM provides complete EEEENNNNDDDD----TTTTOOOO----EEEENNNNDDDD data integrity between application programs. ZMODEM's 32 bit CRC catches errors that sneak into even the most advanced networks. Advanced file management features include AutoDownload (Automatic file Download initiated without user intervention), Display of individual and total file lengths and transmission time estimates, Crash Recovery, selective file transfers, and preservation of exact file date and length. The ----yyyy option instructs the receiver to open the file for writing unconditionally. The ----aaaa option causes the receiver to convert Unix newlines to PC-DOS carriage returns and linefeeds. SSSSbbbb sends one or more files with YMODEM or ZMODEM protocol. The initial ZMODEM initialization is not sent. When requested by the receiver, ssssbbbb supports YYYYMMMMOOOODDDDEEEEMMMM----gggg with "cbreak" tty mode, XON/XOFF flow control, and interrupt character set to CAN (^X). YYYYMMMMOOOODDDDEEEEMMMM----gggg (Professional-YAM gggg option) increases YMODEM throughput over error free channels (direct connection, X.PC, etc.) by disabling error recovery. On Unix systems, additional information about the file is transmitted. If the receiving program uses this information, the transmitted file length controls the exact number of bytes written to the output dataset, and the modify time and file mode are set accordingly. SSSSxxxx sends a single _f_i_l_e with XXXXMMMMOOOODDDDEEEEMMMM or XXXXMMMMOOOODDDDEEEEMMMM----1111kkkk protocol (sometimes incorrectly called "ymodem"). The user must supply the file name to both sending and receiving programs. Iff sssszzzz is invoked with $SHELL set and iff that variable contains the string _r_s_h or _r_k_s_h (restricted shell), sssszzzz operates in restricted mode. Restricted mode restricts pathnames to the current directory and PUBDIR (usually /usr/spool/uucppublic) and/or subdirectories thereof. Page 2 (printed 7/17/94) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) OOOOmmmmeeeennnn TTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnnoooollllooooggggyyyy IIIINNNNCCCC ((((OOOOMMMMEEEENNNN)))) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) The fourth form sends a single COMMAND to a ZMODEM receiver for execution. ZZZZccccoooommmmmmmmaaaannnndddd exits with the COMMAND return value. If COMMAND includes spaces or characters special to the shell, it must be quoted. The fifth form sends a single COMMAND to a ZMODEM receiver for execution. ZZZZccccoooommmmmmmmaaaannnnddddiiii exits as soon as the receiver has correctly received the command, before it is executed. The sixth form (sz -T) outputs all 256 code combinations to the terminal. The hex value of the character, a space, and the raw character are sent, 8 per line. In you are having difficulty sending files, this command lets you see which character codes are being eaten by the operating system or network. The terminal program must be set to display all 256 codes in a distinct form. Check that each code is sent, and that the 8th bit on codes 0x80 to 0xFF is set. Sz -T then allows the caller to input characters which are echoed in hex. You should check that all control characters can be input this way. The meanings of the available options are: ++++ Instruct the receiver to append transmitted data to an existing file (ZMODEM only). aaaa Instruct the ZMODEM receiver to convert text file format as appropriate for the receiving system. Valid only for ZMODEM. bbbb (ZMODEM) Binary override: transfer file without any translation. cccc Instruct the receiver to change the pathname if the destination file exists. dddd Change all instances of "." to "/" in the transmitted pathname. Thus, C.omenB0000 (which is unacceptable to MSDOS or CP/M) is transmitted as C/omenB0000. If the resultant filename has more than 8 characters in the stem, a "." is inserted to allow a total of eleven. eeee Escape all control characters and the all ones character (0xFF); normally only XON, XOFF, DLE, CR-@- CR, and Ctrl-X are escaped. ffff Send Full pathname. Normally directory prefixes are stripped from the transmitted filename. gggg Send ESC-[-?-3-4-l to start DSZ from Kermit. kkkk (XMODEM/YMODEM) Send files using 1024 byte blocks rather than the default 128 byte blocks. 1024 byte packets speed file transfers at high bit rates. (ZMODEM streams the data for the best possible Page 3 (printed 7/17/94) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) OOOOmmmmeeeennnn TTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnnoooollllooooggggyyyy IIIINNNNCCCC ((((OOOOMMMMEEEENNNN)))) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) throughput.) LLLLNNNN Use ZMODEM sub-packets of length N. A larger N (32 <= N <= 1024) gives slightly higher throughput, a smaller N speeds error recovery. The default is 128 below 300 baud, 256 above 300 baud, or 1024 above 2400 baud. llllNNNN Wait for the receiver to acknowledge correct data every NNNN (32 <= N <= 1024) characters. This may be used to avoid network overrun when XOFF flow control is lacking. nnnn (ZMODEM) Send each file if destination file does not exist. Overwrite destination file if source file is newer than the destination file. NNNN (ZMODEM) Send each file if destination file does not exist. Overwrite destination file if source file is newer or longer than the destination file. oooo (ZMODEM) Disable automatic selection of 32 bit CRC. pppp (ZMODEM) Protect existing destination files by skipping transfer if the destination file exists. rrrr (ZMODEM) Resume interrupted file transfer. If the source file is longer than the destination file, the transfer commences at the offset in the source file that equals the length of the destination file. rrrrrrrr As above, but compares the files (the portion common to sender and receiver) before resuming the transfer. ttttttttiiiimmmm Change timeout to _t_i_m tenths of seconds. uuuu Unlink the file after successful transmission. Users should not manually abort or skip file transfers when this option is used. wwwwNNNN Limit the transmit window size to N bytes (ZMODEM). vvvv Verbose causes a list of file names to be appended to /tmp/szlog . More v's generate more output. xxxx Count skipped files as errors. yyyy Instruct a ZMODEM receiving program to overwrite any existing file with the same name. YYYY Instruct a ZMODEM receiving program to overwrite any existing file with the same name, and to skip any source files that do have a file with the same pathname on the destination system. ZZZZ Use ZMODEM file compression to speed file transfer. DDDDIIIIAAAAGGGGNNNNOOOOSSSSTTTTIIIICCCCSSSS Exit status is as follows: 0 for successful transfers. 1 if unrecoverable errors are detected. 2 if syntax errors or file access problems are detected. 3 if the program was terminated by a caught interrupt. EEEEXXXXAAAAMMMMPPPPLLLLEEEESSSS Page 4 (printed 7/17/94) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) OOOOmmmmeeeennnn TTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnnoooollllooooggggyyyy IIIINNNNCCCC ((((OOOOMMMMEEEENNNN)))) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) ZZZZMMMMOOOODDDDEEEEMMMM FFFFiiiilllleeee TTTTrrrraaaannnnssssffffeeeerrrr (Unix to DSZ/ZCOMM/Professional-YAM) %%%% sssszzzz ----aaaa ****....cccc This single command transfers all .c files in the current Unix directory with conversion (----aaaa) to end of line conventions appropriate to the receiving environment. With ZMODEM AutoDownload enabled, Professional-YAM and ZCOMM will automatically receive the files after performing a security check. %%%% sssszzzz ----YYYYaaaannnn ****....cccc ****....hhhh Send only the .c and .h files that exist on both systems, and are newer on the sending system than the corresponding version on the receiving system, converting Unix to DOS text format. ZZZZMMMMOOOODDDDEEEEMMMM CCCCoooommmmmmmmaaaannnndddd DDDDoooowwwwnnnnllllooooaaaadddd (Unix to Professional-YAM) cpszall:all zcommand "c:;cd /yam/dist" sz -ya $(YD)/*.me sz -yb y*.exe zcommand "cd /yam" zcommandi "!insms" This Makefile fragment uses zzzzccccoooommmmmmmmaaaannnndddd to issue commands to Professional-YAM to change current disk and directory. Next, sssszzzz transfers the ._m_e files from the $YD directory, commanding the receiver to overwrite the old files and to convert from Unix end of line conventions to PC-DOS conventions. The third line transfers some ._e_x_e files. The fourth and fifth lines command Pro-YAM to change directory and execute a PC-DOS batch file _i_n_s_m_s . Since the batch file takes considerable time, the zzzzccccoooommmmmmmmaaaannnnddddiiii form is used to allow the program to exit immediately. XXXXMMMMOOOODDDDEEEEMMMM FFFFiiiilllleeee TTTTrrrraaaannnnssssffffeeeerrrr (Unix to Crosstalk) % ssssxxxx ffffoooooooo....cccc EEEESSSSCCCC rrrrxxxx ffffoooooooo....cccc The above three commands transfer a single file from Unix to a PC and Crosstalk. This combination is much slower and less reliable than ZMODEM. EEEERRRRRRRROOOORRRR MMMMEEEESSSSSSSSAAAAGGGGEEEESSSS "Caught signal 99" indicates the program was not properly compiled, refer to "bibi(99)" in rbsb.c for details. SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO rz(omen), ZCOMM User's Manual, Professional-YAM User's Manual, crc(omen), sq(omen), todos(omen), tocpm(omen), tomac(omen), yam(omen) Compile time options required for various operating systems are described in the source file. Page 5 (printed 7/17/94) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) OOOOmmmmeeeennnn TTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnnoooollllooooggggyyyy IIIINNNNCCCC ((((OOOOMMMMEEEENNNN)))) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) FFFFIIIILLLLEEEESSSS 32 bit CRC code courtesy Gary S. Brown. sz.c, crctab.c, rbsb.c, zm.c, zmr.c, zmodem.h Unix source files /tmp/szlog stores debugging output (sz -vv) TTTTEEEESSSSTTTTIIIINNNNGGGG FFFFEEEEAAAATTTTUUUURRRREEEE The command "sz -T file" exercises the AAAAttttttttnnnn sequence error recovery by commanding errors with unterminated packets. The receiving program should complain five times about binary data packets being too long. Each time sssszzzz is interrupted, it should send a ZDATA header followed by another defective packet. If the receiver does not detect five long data packets, the AAAAttttttttnnnn sequence is not interrupting the sender, and the MMMMyyyyaaaattttttttnnnn string in sssszzzz....cccc must be modified. After 5 packets, sssszzzz stops the "transfer" and prints the total number of characters "sent" (Tcount). The difference between Tcount and 5120 represents the number of characters stored in various buffers when the Attn sequence is generated. SSSSEEEERRRRVVVVEEEERRRR////NNNNEEEETTTTWWWWOOOORRRRKKKK NNNNOOOOTTTTEEEESSSS Terminals on some timesharing systems are connected indirectly to the host with TTTTEEEERRRRMMMMIIIINNNNAAAALLLL SSSSEEEERRRRVVVVEEEERRRRSSSS operating over networks. Terminal servers often interfere with file transfers by "eating" control characters and/or losing data. Accessing a distant system using tttteeeellllnnnneeeetttt or rrrrllllooooggggiiiinnnn on a local Unix system entails the same problems. If you have a choice between tttteeeellllnnnneeeetttt and rrrrllllooooggggiiiinnnn try rlogin with the ----8888 option. Set the escape character to ^P (control P) which is protected by ZMODEM. When terminal servers interfere with file transfers, server commands are often available to help the problem. When possible, enable the server and modems for hardware flow control in and out. Set the terminal server to telnet transparent mode. Some typical commands are "SET TERMINAL DOWNLOAD", "set session passall", and "SET TERMINAL NO ESC", but there is no standard set of commands suitable for all terminal servers. Normally these commands are given before attempting file transfers, but one user has reported that the command must be given _a_f_t_e_r the file transfer is started(!). Until terminal server vendors improve the quality of their product, you may have to get on their case until they adequately support high performance file transfers. Page 6 (printed 7/17/94) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) OOOOmmmmeeeennnn TTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnnoooollllooooggggyyyy IIIINNNNCCCC ((((OOOOMMMMEEEENNNN)))) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) Escaping control characters with ZMODEM (sz -e) may help if the transfer gets stuck in the same place on every attempt. Professional-YAM and ZCOMM allow selection of which control characters need to be escaped. In extreme cases 7-bit transmission may be required (see the Professional-YAM/ZCOMM manual). If you encounter problems with control characters you should identify which control characters are causing the problem. Please refer to the sz -T command in sz.doc for more help. Flow control between the server and modem is often defective. This rarely causes a problem in interactive applications whose short bursts (a screenfull at most) fit within the available memory buffers. Streaming protocols such as YMODEM-g, long packet SuperKermit, and ZMODEM can overload the available buffering. Some terminal servers support commands to enable hardware flow control such as "TERM FLOWCONTROL HARDWARE IN OUT"; this assumes the modem attached to the server is properly configured. If the terminal server is too brain damaged to support flow control, ZMODEM lets you fake it by setting a window size. Try sz -w2048 file... to enable software flow control. Experiment with different window sizes for best results. Terminal servers are designed to accept keyboard input from human operators. They may lose data when a program sends more data to the host faster than humans type. Some servers allow larger input buffers to support file uploads. If you can upload short files (less than 100 bytes) but not longer files, try sz -w1024 file... with your uploading program. (Not all programs support this option; use ZCOMM or Professional-YAM.) When both flow control and character transparency are problems, use sz -ew1024 file... as a starting point. Sometimes the terminal server software is defective and must be corrected. Please contact the network's vendor for corrective procedures. An alternative is to install direct serial ports for users desiring to upload files. We have also encountered problems when networking software fails to pass data after a large amount of data has been sent to the host. This has happened on a PPP internet connection which prevented uploads of large amounts of data via either FTP or a ZMODEM upload (via TELNET). The PPP Page 7 (printed 7/17/94) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) OOOOmmmmeeeennnn TTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnnoooollllooooggggyyyy IIIINNNNCCCC ((((OOOOMMMMEEEENNNN)))) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) connection grinds to a standstill and not even PING works. The same ZMODEM/TELNET combination easily uploaded ten times as much to a nearby machine connected by Ethernet. PPPPOOOORRRRTTTT WWWWAAAATTTTCCCCHHHHEEEERRRRSSSS Some systems enforce a timeout which disconnects a user after several minutes of keyboard inactivity. Long, error free ZMODEM transfers do not generate keyboard activity (this is why ZMODEM is so efficient). Restricting the window size with sz -w16384 file... option generates terminal input at regular intervals even when no error correction is needed. If problems persist, try setting a packet length. sz -l1024 file... (The default ZMODEM packet length is the file length.) NNNNOOOOTTTTEEEESSSS Particular attention must be paid to flow control. The modem and Unix must agree on the flow control method. Sz does not set or reset flow control modes (if any). Most Unix systems use XON/XOFF ("software") flow control. Telebit modems must not be set to "spoof" UUCP, XMODEM, YMODEM, or KERMIT. Setting one of these spoofing modes interferes with other protocols. Telebit's YMODEM spoofing interferes with YMODEM transfers. If a program that does not properly implement the specified file transfer protocol causes _s_b to "hang" the port after a failed transfer, either wait for _s_b to time out or keyboard a dozen Ctrl-X characters. Every reported instance of this problem has been corrected by using ZCOMM, Pro-YAM, DSZ, or other program with a correct implementation of the specified protocol. Many programs claiming to support YMODEM only support XMODEM with 1k blocks, and they often don't get that quite right. XMODEM transfers add up to 127 garbage bytes per file. XMODEM-1k and YMODEM-1k transfers use 128 byte blocks to avoid extra padding. YMODEM programs use the file length transmitted at the beginning of the transfer to prune the file to the correct length; this may cause problems with source files that grow during the course of the transfer. This problem does not pertain to ZMODEM transfers, which preserve the exact file length unconditionally. Most ZMODEM options are merely passed to the receiving program; some programs do not implement all of these Page 8 (printed 7/17/94) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) OOOOmmmmeeeennnn TTTTeeeecccchhhhnnnnoooollllooooggggyyyy IIIINNNNCCCC ((((OOOOMMMMEEEENNNN)))) SSSSZZZZ((((1111)))) options. Circular buffering and a ZMODEM sliding window should be used when input is from pipes instead of acknowledging frames each 1024 bytes. If no files can be opened, sssszzzz sends a ZMODEM command to echo a suitable complaint; perhaps it should check for the presence of at least one accessible file before getting hot and bothered. Unix Professional-YAM provides higher performance and other features not supported by _s_z. Please contact Omen Technology Inc for product information. Omen Technology INC 503-621-3406 Post Office Box 4681 Portland OR 97208 BBBBUUUUGGGGSSSS On at least one BSD system, sz would abend it got within a few kilobytes of the end of file. Using the "-w8192" option fixed the problem. The real cause is unknown, perhaps a bug in the kernel TTY output routines. The test mode leaves a zero length file on the receiving system. Page 9 (printed 7/17/94)